000			02291nam a22004217a 4500
001			20240610171113.0
003			20240610171113.0
005			20240610172202.0
008			240610b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_aOnline ISSN 1742-3406
040			_cddc
041			_aEnglish
100			_qAtumaini Makoba
245			_a Entrance surface air kerma to patients during digital radiographic examinations in Tanzania
260			_aMwanza, Tanzania : _bCatholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS-Bugando] : _c2023
300			_aPages 229–239
300			_aIncludes References
490			_vRadiation Protection Dosimetry, Volume 200, Issue 3, March 2024
520			_aAbstract : The aim of this study was to determine the entrance surface air kerma (ESAK) in adult patients during digital radiography and to evaluate the optimisation potential in five common X-ray examinations in Tanzania. Based on a sample of 240–610 patients, ESAK was estimated using X-ray tube output measurements, patient information and backscatter factors. The results show that the mean ESAK values were higher or comparable to data from the literature. The diagnostic reference values of ESAK for digital radiography were 0.31 mGy (chest PA), 4 mGy (lumbar spine AP), 5.4 mGy (lumbar spine LAT), 3.8 mGy (abdomen AP) and 2.4 mGy (pelvis AP). For computed radiography, the mean ESAK ranges were 0.44–0.57 mGy (thoracic AP), 3.59–3.72 mGy (lumbar spine AP), 6.16–6.35 mGy (lumbar spine LAT), 3.89–3.44 mGy (abdominal AP) and 2.92–3.47 mGy (pelvic AP). In conclusion, high ESAK variations show the potential for optimising protection in digital radiology.
600			_xDigital radiographic
700			_q Ahmed Jusabani
700			_q Adam Nakembetwa
700			_q Wilson Ngoye
700			_qVitus Balobegwa
700			_q Ali Masoud
700			_qAlex Muhulo
700			_q Huruma Mammba
700			_q Miguta Ngulimi
700			_qErick Onoka
700			_q Haika Maro
700			_q Hilda Makungu
700			_q Musa Ndukeki
700			_qAbdallah Kileo
700			_qWilbroad Muhogora
700			_q Ahmed Jusabani
856			_u https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad294 _y https://doi.org/10.1093/rpd/ncad294
942			_2ddc _cVM _n0
999			_c28037 _d28037