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100			_a Nyamwihura, Avitus _921186 _dCUHAS/MD/4001556/T/15
245			_a Evaluation of Antimicrobial Consumption and Resistance Profile of Escherichia Coli Isolates among Hospitalized Patients at Misungwi District Hospital in Mwanza, Tanzania.
260			_aMwanza, Tanzania: _bCatholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] _b Phone: +255 28 298 3384 _b Fax: +255 28 298 3386 _b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz _b Website: www.bugando.ac.tz _c © 2020
300			_axii; 42 Pages
300			_aIncludes Refferences and Appendices
520			_aAbstract: Background and Objective: Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of the microbe to resist the effects of medication that could once successfully treat the microbe. Antimicrobial resistance has increased dramatically over the past few years and is currently recognized as a major medical challenge in most healthcare settings. This study aims at evaluating antimicrobial consumption and resistance profile of Escherichia coli isolates among hospitalized patients in Misungwi district hospital, Mwanza, Tanzania. Method: This was a point prevalence hospital based study which was conducted among 56 patients at Misungwi district hospital. The rectal swabs / stool specimen was transported to the CUHAS microbiology laboratory within 24 hours of sample collection and then was cultured on MacConkey agar plate which will also contain cefotaxime (2mcg/ml) subsequently biochemical test like Triple sugar iron agar, sulphide+ indole motility medium, citrate test and urease were also performed. Moreover, for identification of E. coli ESBL producers double disc synergy test (DDST) was done. Then SPSS version 20 was used for analysis. Results: In this study the most prevalent organisms were Escherichia coli (16.9%) Enterobactor cloacae (6.8%) and Klebsiella pneumonia (6.8%) despite having no bacterial growth in most of the plates (52.5). The mostly commonly used antibiotic were; ceftriaxone (24.2%), amoxicillin (18.2%), ampicillin (15.2%) then gentamicin (12.1%). The DDD/100 bed-days was 24.5 DDD/100 bed days. The prevalence of ESBL producing E.coli carriage were 80% (8/10) and among patients found to have ESBL, 75% (6/8) of them were on antibiotics consumption. Conclusion: The use of practice guideline derived recommended daily dose may yield more valid antibiotic exposure estimate that would be helpful in cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses of antibiotic consumption than WHO recommended WHO/ATC. Each hospital should define and validate its own indicators to describe the local exposures to antibiotics and to study the relationship with resistance.
600			_xInternal Medicine _915587
600			_xPharmacy _926693
700			_a Hamasaki, Kayo _919729
942			_2ddc _cCR
999			_c21133 _d21133