000			03051nam a22003257a 4500
003			OSt
005			20240305193730.0
008			221121b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_aeISSN: 1821-9241
022			_a print ISSN: 1821-6404
028			_b Phone: +255 28 298 3384
028			_b Fax: +255 28 298 3386
028			_b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz
028			_b Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
040			_cDLC
041			_aEnglish
100			_aMariam M Mirambo _922927
222			_aHIV, ART, PMTCT, mother, infant, transmission, Tanzania
245			_aReduction of HIV transmission rates from mother to child in the era of antiretroviral therapy in the Lake Victoria zone, Tanzania
260			_aMwanza, Tanzania: _bTanzania Journal of Health Research & _b Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] _c2015/7/24
490			_vTanzania Journal of Health Research Volume 17 Issue 3
520			_aAbstract Background: Since the introduction of prevention of mother to child transmission (PMTCT) in Tanzania, HIV infection rates have been reduced in different regions across the country. However, there is limited published data from the Lake Victoria zone of Tanzania regarding the effectiveness of various regimens used for PMTCT. This study was done to assess the effectiveness of antiretroviral therapy in preventing mother to child transmission of HIV Methods: Infants aged ≤18 months born to HIV positive mothers undertaking PMTCT programme and those with no intervention program from Mara, Kagera, Mwanza and Shinyanga were tested for HIV-1 DNA polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Data were analysed using STATA version 10.0 to assess factors associated with outcome. Results: A total of 1,005 study subjects were enrolled in the study. Of these 55% (554/1005) were females. Majority (82.6%; 830/1005) of the infants studied were aged 1-6 months. The median age of the infant studied was 3 months (IQR 2-4). Out of 1005 non-repetitive samples; 61(6.1%) were HIV-1 DNA PCR positive. Positive dried blood spots (DBS) rates by region were 6.4%, 5.9%, 5.6% and 5.1% in Mwanza, Mara, Kagera and Shinyanga, respectively. During pregnancy interventions, the positive rate for women with no therapy was 12.6% and for zidovudine alone was 5.4% while for triple antiretroviral therapy was 0.5%. Women who were in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) during pregnancy had significantly lower positive rate than those without HAART treatment (p=0.001). Of 755 infants who received nevirapine, 3.9% were DBS positive compared to 12.8% of those who didn’t receive nevirapine (p=0.001). Conclusion: The use of antiretroviral therapy in the PMTCT programme is effective in reducing HIV transmission from mother to child.
700			_a Celine Simon _945528
700			_aAlphaxard Kajura _944836
700			_a Benson Kidenya _922050
700			_aMtebe Majigo _922970
700			_aStephen E Mshana _915820
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.4314/thrb.v17i3.3
942			_2ddc _cVM
999			_c19495 _d19495