000 03651nam a22003137a 4500
003 OSt
005 20240305193723.0
008 221107b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
028 _b Phone: +255 28 298 3384
028 _b Fax: +255 28 298 3386
028 _b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz
028 _b Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
040 _cDLC
041 _aEnglish
100 _a Fortunatus D Shayo,
_945169
222 _a Pollutant Anopheles gambiae Anopheles arabiensis habitats Domestic Tanzania Resistance
245 _aExposure of malaria vector larval habitats to domestic pollutants escalate insecticides resistance: experimental proof
260 _aMwanza:
_bSpringer International Publishing &
_b Tanzania Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando]
_c19 February 2020
300 _a Pages 729-740
490 _vInternational Journal of Tropical Insect Science Volume 40 Issue 4
520 _aAbstract Poor domestic waste management in unplanned urban areas have resulted into formation of polluted potential malaria vector larval habitats. Most of these larval habitats are contaminated with domestic pollutants such as hydrogen peroxide and detergents. The present study was designed to evaluate the susceptibility status of Anopheles gambie and Anopheles arabiensis to commonly used insecticides after being exposed to hydrogen peroxide and soap detergents in northern Tanzania. Anopheles gambiae s.s larvae were collected from the laboratory colony whereas those for An. arabiensis were sampled from the rice field in lower Moshi. The larvae were reared in two arms, larval habitats in arm one had water containing soaps while in arm two, the larval habitats contained hydrogen peroxide at different concentrations (0.001%, 0.0001%,0.00001% and 0.000001%). Emerging adult’s female of the two Anopheles species from the two larval habitats were exposed to 0.75% and 0.05% of permethrin and deltamethrin WHO Insecticides impregnated standard papers. Knockdown rates were observed for 1 h and mortality rates within 24 h after exposure. Regression analysis was performed using probit analysis to establish knockdown rates and lethal concentration for 50% and 95%. The wild and laboratory anopheles populations reared in detergent or hydrogen peroxide in different concentrations showed reduced susceptibility to permethrin and deltamethrin. The median knockdown time for 50% of the population (KDT50) ranged between 13.52 min (10.98–19.74) to 30.67 min (28.53–34.34) while the KDT95 raised between 32.01 min (29.47–38.23) to 111.84 min (109.70–115.54) for those reared in detergent and exposed to deltamethrin and permethrin. For those reared in hydrogen peroxide and exposed to deltamethrin and permethrin, KDT50 ranged between 8.24 min (6.92–13.51) to 24.28 min(22.70–27.46) while KDT95 ranged between 25.94 min(24.62–31.21) to 118.68 min(117.10–121.86). Mortality of wild population exposed to standard insectides treated papers after reared in detergent ranged between 40 to 95.3% while for those reared in hydrogen peroxide ranged between 67 to 95.3%. The findings of this study demonstrate that domestic waste pollutants such as hydrogen peroxide and soaps are partly associated with reduced susceptibility to insecticides among potential malaria vectors.
700 _a Winifrida Kidima
_945170
700 _a Adelina Thomas
_945032
700 _a Aneth M Mahande
_945016
700 _a Humphrey D Mazigo
_922835
700 _aEliningaya J Kweka
_944252
856 _uhttps://doi.org/10.1007/s42690-020-00123-w
942 _2ddc
_cVM
999 _c19331
_d19331