000			03375nam a22002897a 4500
003			OSt
005			20240305193721.0
008			221103b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a 2049-9957
028			_b Phone: +255 28 298 3384
028			_b Fax: +255 28 298 3386
028			_b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz
035			_a Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
040			_cDLC
100			_aHumphrey D Mazigo _922835
222			_a HIV-1 S. mansoni Co-infection Praziquantel Efficacy Tanzania
245			_aPraziquantel efficacy against Schistosoma mansoni among HIV-1 infected and uninfected adults living in fishing villages along Lake Victoria, Northwest Tanzania
260			_aMwanza: _bBioMed Central & _bTanzania Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] _c15 December 2014
300			_a Pages 1-10
490			_v Infectious Diseases of Poverty Volume 3 Issue 1
520			_aAbstract Background: Animal studies have demonstrated that functional immune responses, as determined by the levels of CD4+ cell counts and anti-schistosome antibodies responses, determine the efficacy of praziquantel. Based on this evidence, it has been hypothesised that the immunodeficiency effects of the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infection may affect the efficacy of praziquantel in co-infected human hosts. Thus, the present study assessed the efficacy of praziquantel by comparing parasitological cure rates and the reduction in infection intensity in HIV-1 seronegative individuals infected with S. mansoni and HIV-1 seropositive individuals co-infected with S. mansoni, following treatment with a single oral dose of praziquantel. Methods: This was a prospective longitudinal study which included, at baseline, 555 S. mansoni infected adults aged 21–55 years, who were either co-infected or not with HIV-1 and who lived in fishing villages along Lake Victoria in Northwest Tanzania. These individuals were treated with a single oral dose of praziquantel (40 mg/kg) and, at 12 weeks, single stool samples were obtained and examined for S. mansoni eggs using the Kato-Katz technique. Finger prick and venous blood samples were collected for HIV-1 screening and CD4+ cell quantification. Results: The parasitological cure rate did not differ significantly from the HIV-1 serostatus (P = 0.12): among the co-infected individuals, the cure rate was 48.3% (14/29), and among the individuals infected only with S. mansoni, the cure rate was 62.6% (329/526). The egg reduction rate did not vary with the HIV-1 serostatus (P = 0.22): 77.22% for HIV-1 seronegative and 75% for HIV-1 seropositive individuals. The level of CD4+ cell counts (median 228 cells/μL: range 202–380 cells) did not influence the cure rate (P = 0.23) or the reduction in the intensity of the infection (P = 0.37). Conclusion: The HIV-1 infection per se or its moderate immunodeficiency effects, demonstrated by the range of CD4+ cell counts observed in co-infected individuals, did not affect praziquantel efficacy, as measured by the parasitological cure rate and the reduction in intensity of infection in the present study cohort.
700			_a David W Dunne _922988
700			_aSafari M Kinung’hi _922991
700			_a Fred Nuwaha _922993
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1186/2049-9957-3-47
942			_2ddc _cVM
999			_c19276 _d19276