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022			_a1756-0500
028			_bPhone: +255 28 298 3384
028			_b Fax: +255 28 298 3386
028			_b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz
028			_b Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
040			_cDLC
041			_aEnglish
100			_aSafari M Kinung’hi _922991
222			_a Coinfection Schistosomiasis Malaria Mara region Tanzania
245			_aCoinfection of intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria and association with haemoglobin levels and nutritional status in school children in Mara region, Northwestern Tanzania _ba cross-sectional exploratory study
260			_aMwanza: _bBioMed Central & _bTanzania Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] _c 09 November 2017
300			_aPages 1-11
490			_vBMC research notes Volume 10 Issue 1
520			_aAbstract Background: Schistosomiasis represents a major public health problem in Tanzania despite ongoing national control efforts. This study examined whether intestinal schistosomiasis is associated with malaria and assessed the contribution of intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria on anaemia and undernutrition in school children in Mara region, North-western Tanzania. Methods: Stool samples were collected from each of 928 school children randomly selected from 5 schools and examined for intestinal schistosomiasis using the Kato Katz method. Finger prick blood samples were collected and examined for malaria parasites and haemoglobin concentrations using the Giemsa stain and Haemocue methods, respectively. Nutritional status was assessed by taking anthropometric measurements. Results: The overall prevalence and infection intensity of S. mansoni was 85.6% (794/928) and 192 (100–278), respectively. The prevalence of malaria was 27.4% (254/928) with significant differences among villages (χ2 = 96.11, p < 0.001). The prevalence of anaemia was 42.3% (392/928) with significant differences among villages (χ2 = 39.61, p < 0.001). The prevalence of stunting, thinness and underweight was 21, 6.8 and 1.3%, respectively. Stunting varied significantly by sex (χ2 = 267.8, p < 0.001), age group (χ2 = 96.4, p < 0.001) and by village (χ2 = 20.5, p < 0.001). Out of the 825 infected children, 217 (26.4%) had multiple parasite infections (two to three parasites). The prevalence of co-infections occurred more frequently in boys than in girls (χ 2 = 21.65, p = 0.010). Mean haemoglobin concentrations for co-infected children was significantly lower than that of children not co-infected (115.2 vs 119.6; t = 0.01, p = 0.002). Co-infected children were more likely to be stunted than children who were not co-infected (χ2 = 11.6, p = 0.003). On multivariate analysis, age group, village of residence and severe anaemia were significant predictors of stunting after adjusting for sex and infection status. Conclusions: Intestinal schistosomiasis and malaria are prevalent in Mara region. Coinfections of these parasites as well as chronic undernutrition were also common. We recommend Mara region to be included in national schistosomiasis control programmes.
700			_a Humphrey D Mazigo _922835
700			_aDavid W Dunne _922988
700			_aStella Kepha _945050
700			_aGodfrey Kaatano _945051
700			_a Coleman Kishamawe _944294
700			_aSamuel Ndokeji _945052
700			_a Teckla Angelo _945053
700			_a Fred Nuwaha _922993
856			_uhttps://doi.org/10.1186/s13104-017-2904-2
942			_2ddc _cVM
999			_c19267 _d19267