000			03087nam a22003257a 4500
003			OSt
005			20240305193717.0
008			221011b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d
022			_a 1756-0500
028			_b Phone: +255 28 298 3384
028			_bFax: +255 28 298 3386
028			_b Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz
028			_b Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
040			_cDLC
041			_aEnglish
100			_a Peter Rambau _922633
222			_a Brest cancer Triple negative North-Western Tanzania
245			_aTriple negative breast cancer in a poor resource setting in North-Western Tanzania _ba preliminary study of 52 patients
260			_aMwanza, Tanzania: _bBioMed Central & _b Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] _c 26 June 2014
300			_a Pages 1-6
490			_vBMC research notes Volume 7 Issue 1
520			_aAbstract Background Breast cancer is the second leading cancer worldwide. In Tanzania, though it ranks as the second leading cancer in women after cervical cancer, hormonal receptor status is not carried out routinely in patients. Adjuvant hormonal therapy is given without prior knowledge of hormonal receptors status and patients can incur unnecessary costs and side effects. This study was performed to investigate the expression of hormonal receptors, epidermal growth factor receptors (HER-2) and proliferation index of the breast cancer by Ki-67 in a few selected patients with breast cancer at referral hospital in North-Western Tanzania. The study classified breast cancer subtypes based on hormonal receptors status and the expression of epidermal growth factor receptors. Results A total of 52 cases of breast cancer were investigated. Patients’ mean age at diagnosis was 49 years. The majority of the tumors was invasive ductal carcinoma 47 (90.4%) and 40 (76.9%) were of histological grade III. Thirty-eight (73.1%) of the patient had lymph node metastasis at the time of diagnosis and 36 (69.2%) were at clinical stage III. Only 3 (5.8%) patients were in clinical stage I. There was a tendency of a low level of expression of the receptors, whereby Estrogen Receptor (ER) positive tumors were 17 (32.7%), progesterone receptor (PR) positive tumors were 22 (42.3%), and HER-2 positive tumors were 12 (23.1%). Triple negative tumors constituted 20 (38.4%) of the patients. Most of the tumors (75%) showed high proliferation by Ki-67. Lymph node metastasis was more common in Triple Negative and HER enriched tumors. Conclusion This study showed a tendency for a low level of expression of hormonal receptors. There was a significant proportion of Triple Negative breast cancers. Routine testing for hormonal receptors in breast cancer is recommended before the initiation of adjuvant hormonal therapy.
700			_a Nestory Masalu _922884
700			_a Kahima Jackson _921541
700			_a Philipo Chalya _923550
700			_aPatrizia Serra _944781
700			_aSara Bravaccini _944782
856			_yhttps://doi.org/10.1186/1756-0500-7-399
942			_2ddc _cVM
999			_c19161 _d19161