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100			_a Martha Fidelis Mushi _923600
245			_aEvaluation of detection methods for Campylobacter infections among under-fives in Mwanza City, Tanzania
260			_aMwanza, Tanzania _bCatholic University of Health and Allied Sciences CUHAS - Bugando _c2014
490			_3Pan Afr Med J. 2014; 19: 392.
520			_aAbstract Introduction Campylobacter species are recognized as a major cause of acute gastroenteritis in humans throughout the world. The diagnosis is mainly based on stool culture. This study was done to evaluate the effectiveness of staining methods (Gram stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain and 1% carbol fuchsin direct stain) versus culture as the gold standard. Methods A total of 300 children attending Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and the Sekou Toure regional hospital with acute watery diarrhea were enrolled. Two sets of slides were prepared stained with 1% carbol fuchsin for 30 seconds first set, and the second set stained with Gram's stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain for five minutes. Concurrently, stool samples were inoculated on Preston Agar selective. Results Of 300 stool specimens, 14(4.7%) showed positive culture after 48 hours of incubation and 28 (9.3%) shows typical morphology of Campylobacter species by both Gram stain and direct stain. The sensitivity of the Gram stain using 0.3% carbol fuchsin as counter stain and 1% carbol fuchsin simple stain versus culture as gold standard was 64.3%, with a specificity of 93.4%. The positive predictive value and negative predictive value were 32.1% and 98.2% respectively. Conclusion The detection of Campylobacter by 1% carbol fuchsin is simple, inexpensive, and fast, with both a high sensitivity and specificity. Laboratories in settings with high prevalence of campylobacteriosis and/or limited resources can employ 1% carbol fuchsin direct stain in detecting campylobacter infections. Keywords: Campylobacteriosis, acute watery diarrhea, gram stain, 1% carbol fuchsin, preston agar
700			_a Laurent Paterno _923601
700			_a Stephen Eliatosha Mshana _922640
700			_aMariam Mwijuma Mirambo _923602
700			_a Nyambura Moremi _922727
700			_aJeremiah Seni _919633
700			_a Anna Pendo Deogratius _923603
700			_a Dennis Tappe _923604
856			_3doi: 10.11604/pamj.2014.19.392.4242
942			_2ddc _cVM
999			_c18991 _d18991