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Evaluation of A Leishman-Giemsa Cocktail Stain for Fine Needle Aspiration Cytology at Bugando Medical Centre A Tertiary Hospital in Tanzania.

By: Contributor(s): Material type: TextTextPublisher number: Wurzburg Road 35, BMC Premises, Post Code: 33102: P. O. Box 1464, Mwanza – Tanzania: Phone: +255 28 298 3384: Fax: +255 28 298 3386: Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz: www.bugando.ac.tzLanguage: English Language: Kiswahili Publication details: Mwanza, Tanzania: Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] : ©2023Description: 38 Pages; Includes ReferencesSubject(s): Summary: Abstract: Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a valuable diagnostic tool used to diagnose various diseases including cancers. Accurate and reliable diagnosis is crucial for patient management, and the quality of staining techniques used for FNAC samples significantly impacts the accuracy of diagnosis. This study evaluated the performance of a new Leishman-Giemsa cocktail stain for FNAC samples at a Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania. Methodology: This was laboratory based cross sectional study, conducted between June and July 2023, at BMC, Tanzania, and involving preparation and staining of 120 FNAC slides (60 slides for Papanicolaou and 60 slides for LG-cocktail) from FNAC samples received at histopathology department for cytological staining. The Papanicolaou-conventional staining technique was used as gold standard and evaluating the staining utility of the new Leishman-Giemsa cocktail stain. The evaluation of staining quality was based on cellular morphology, background staining, nuclear and cytoplasmic details under the microscope. The scoring system of good=1, and poor=0 were used in determining the diagnostic utility. Results: A total of 120 FNAC slides were prepared and analyzed in this study, collected from Patients with median [IQR] age of 36 [IQR 27-40] years, where 34 (56.67%) being male, and 42 (70%) being residence of Mwanza. The most anatomical site where FNAC samples were collected was breasts 23 (38.33%) followed by lymph node 12 (20.00%), leg mass 12/60 (12%), thyroid 5/0 (8%) and nipple discharge 2/60 (3%). The Papanicolaou stain exhibited a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% while LG-cocktail showed a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 100% while it showed 5% of poor background staining. Conclusion : The study's findings demonstrate the high diagnostic efficacy of both the Pap stain and LG-cocktail staining, with the Pap stain exhibiting a sensitivity of 100% and the LG-cocktail staining showing a sensitivity of 95%.
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Abstract:

Background: Fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) is a valuable diagnostic tool used to diagnose various diseases including cancers. Accurate and reliable diagnosis is crucial for patient management, and the quality of staining techniques used for FNAC samples significantly impacts the accuracy of diagnosis. This study evaluated the performance of a new Leishman-Giemsa cocktail stain for FNAC samples at a Bugando Medical Centre, Mwanza, Tanzania.

Methodology: This was laboratory based cross sectional study, conducted between June and July 2023, at BMC, Tanzania, and involving preparation and staining of 120 FNAC slides (60 slides for Papanicolaou and 60 slides for LG-cocktail) from FNAC samples received at histopathology department for cytological staining. The Papanicolaou-conventional staining technique was used as gold standard and evaluating the staining utility of the new Leishman-Giemsa cocktail stain. The evaluation of staining quality was based on cellular morphology, background staining, nuclear and cytoplasmic details under the microscope. The scoring system of good=1, and poor=0 were used in determining the diagnostic utility.

Results: A total of 120 FNAC slides were prepared and analyzed in this study, collected from Patients with median [IQR] age of 36 [IQR 27-40] years, where 34 (56.67%) being male, and 42 (70%) being residence of Mwanza. The most anatomical site where FNAC samples were collected was breasts 23 (38.33%) followed by lymph node 12 (20.00%), leg mass 12/60 (12%), thyroid 5/0 (8%) and nipple discharge 2/60 (3%). The Papanicolaou stain exhibited a sensitivity of 100% and a specificity of 100% while LG-cocktail showed a sensitivity of 95% and specificity of 100% while it showed 5% of poor background staining.

Conclusion : The study's findings demonstrate the high diagnostic efficacy of both the Pap stain and LG-cocktail staining, with the Pap stain exhibiting a sensitivity of 100% and the LG-cocktail staining showing a sensitivity of 95%.

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