Abstract:

Mosquitoes are the major vectors for transmission of vector bone diseases such as malaria. This disease has been a deadly major problem to public health in tropical areas. The decline of malaria transmission and vector population have been attributed with the wide coverage and use of indoor residual spray (IRS), long lasting insecticidal nets (LLIN) and larval source management (LSM). On the other hand, use of essential oils from natural plants have been traditionally beneficial as a personal protection measure against host seeking mosquitoes. This study provides evidence-based results that the cinnamon and clove essential oils treated nets protect against mosquito bites and cause mortality of An.gambiae. This piece of work provides general knowledge on synergism provided by the essential oil blends. This add value in reducing attained residual malaria transmission.

Tunnel chamber was used to evaluate the blood feeding inhibition and mortality of the essential oils.

The findings of the evaluated essential oils have shown a very great mortality and repellency activities against adults of An.gambiae s.s. though they have different active chemical ingredients. The chemical composition of clove and Cinnamon essential oils evaluated were found to have one common chemical Eugenol (4-alil-2-metoxyphenol), having the highest composition in both.

The obtained findings suggest that clove and cinnamon essential oils exhibits toxicity to An.gambiae, which may be considered as a potential tool for controlling mosquito population.