Abstract:

Background: Emergency caesarian section is the surgical intervention which is performed when there is an immediate threat to the life of the fetus or the mother during vaginal delivery whereby the birth of the fetus is through an incision in the abdominal wall and uterine wall. The aim of this study is to analyze the maternal and fetal outcome in emergency caesarian section retrospectively.

Method: A retrospective observational study of the referral cases undergoing emergency caesarian section at Bugando medical centre during the period of January, 2018 to December, 2018. Data collection will be from the maternal and neonatal records and data analysis was done using SPSS.

Results/Discussion: 56% of the participants were from rural areas, 43.7% from urban, most had low education levels (89.3%) and lacked decent jobs (87%). Indications of ECS included NRFS (47.2%), prior C-section (35.2%), poor progress of labor (23.3%), severe pre-eclampsia (20.5%), Obstructed labor (14.2%), breech presentation ≥34 weeks gestation (12.5%), CPD (7.4%), bad obstetric history (7.4%) and antepartum hemorrhage (12.5%). Maternal outcomes were complications that led to prolonged days of stay of the hospital for more than 7 days (6.3%), 4 to 7 days (34.7%), need for relaparotomy (0.6%) without maternal death. Fetal outcomes were death of the baby before mother was discharged from the hospital (4.5%), fresh still birth (2.8%), NICU admission (31.8%) and PREM unit admission (26.1%) due to neonatal caesarian section complications.

Conclusion: The maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality are likely to occur to patients who undergo ECS. Henceforth, clinical judgment is required to assess on the urgency of caesarian section in order to prevent maternal and neonatal morbidity and mortality.