Abstract:

Background: Pediatric knee angular deformities are common and it includes genu varus, genu valgus as well as combination of both (windswept). The deformity is associated with difficult in walking and pain in advanced state. The magnitude varies from place to place depending on the cause.

Methodology: This was a descriptive cross sectional study which involved 124 pediatric patients. Case report form was used to fill the information. Data analysis was done using SPSS software version 20.0. Data was summarized in form of proportions, frequency, tables and bar chart.

Results: The prevalence of pediatric knee angular deformities was 20.2% by which the cases for varus deformity was 13.7%, valgus deformity was 5.6% and the combined type was 0.8%. On the radiological profile, among patients diagnosed with knee angular deformity, 3.2% had normal bone metaphysis, 54.0% had widened metaphysis and were diagnosed to have rickets while 12.9% cases had metaphysis beaking. On the causes of the defect rickets caused angular deformities in 20%, defect in calcium and phosphorus metabolism was 28%, trauma was 16%, osteogenesis imperfect was 4%, bone tumor was 12%, congenital bone defect (tibial pseudathrosis) was 4% and in 44% the cause were not determined.

Conclusion: The study reveals high prevalence of knee angular deformity among pediatric patients attending orthopedic outpatient clinic at BMC with the genu varus being the leading deformity than genu valgum and windswept deformity. Based on radiological profile, brount disease was the leading cause of deformity followed by rickets. Others being the bone tumors, congenital bone defect and trauma.