Abstract:

Background: The introduction of antiretroviral therapy (ART) has revolutionized the treatment and management of patients with HIV infections. The incident of treatment failure bas been conducted in several study with the finding found to be varied. The study intended to determine the incidence of treatment failure pattern and association between treatment failure and antiretroviral regime.

Methodology: A retrospective cohort study was done, a random systematic sampling technique was used to obtain sample size required. Medical records required was extracted from patients’ file at CTC for HIV-infected children between January 2017 and January 2018.

Results: Out of 34% of treatment failure, 67.7% have virological failure, 14.7% have immunological failure, 11.8% have clinical failure and there was no association between treatment failure and antiretroviral regimen used, p > 0.05.

Discussion: The incidence of treatment failure sis inconsistence with the study done at KCMC in Tanzania. Probably reason for this inconsistence may be due to difference in population characteristics with either of the population fail to follow the recommended ART. High proportion of virological failure observed in this study with antiretroviral regimen fail to show significance association with treatment failure.

Conclusion: This study revealed the proportion of treatment failure is 34% virological failure predominate. The study also shown no association between treatment failure and antiretroviral regimen used.