Abstract:

Eye condition are becoming a problem to the society regarding to change in lifestyle, infectious process, social economical activities, injuries, smoking not only these but also biological factors and medical conditions affect the health the eye. This study looked only prevalence and nature of treatment offered to patients who was admitted to Bugando medical centre between 2011 and 2012. WHO advocates that 80% of these causes of blindness are preventable these includes but not limited to cataract, vitamin A deficient and refractory Errors.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence, demographic characteristics, and outcome of Eye diseases among patient admitted at Bugando medical centre between 2011 and 2012.

Methods: A retrospective case control hospital based study conducted at Bugando medical centre in Nyamagana district in Mwanza city, northern west Tanzania. The study included all patients admitted with Eye disease and had complete information at Bugando medical centre. The study collected the file number from the inpatient register book in the ophthalmology, with Eye disease, theatre book and followed those file in medical records to obtain the necessary information regarding nature of treatment and outcome of the Eye disease. The information filled in the pretested questionnaire, later data processed by double entry mode using SPSS 17.0 and finally analysis using the sample program.

Results: Total participants 150 male 101 (67.3%) and female 49 (32.7%), patients age 0-10 years were 49 (32%), 21-30 years 15 (10%), 31-40 years (10%), 41-50 years (4%), 51-60 years 18 (12%), 61-70 years 9 (6%), 71-80 years 8 (5.3%), 81-90 years 7 (4.3%). Cataract 35 (23%), traumatic cornel ulceration 33 (22%), traumatic hyphaema 17 (11.3%), congenital glaucoma 7 (4.7%), retinoblastoma 7 (4.7%), nasal lacrimal duct obstruction 6 (4%), squamous carcinoma (4.7%), allergic conjunctivitis 3 (2%), other cause 23 (18%) (This includes fungal, chemical injury, and cellulitis). On treatment 78 patients (52%) underwent major eye surgery 60% of these patients came from the rural area, patients who went for both minor eye surgery and medical treatment were 19 (12.6%) and 53 (35.3%) were medical treatment only.

Outcome: Only 8 patients regained their sight (5.3%), about 113 (75.3%) regained their sight with reduced visual acuity. Patients who totally become blind were 21 (14%), the remaining eight patients with eye disease (5.3%) referred to oncology unit at Bugando medical centre 5 chemotherapy and three of them to Ocean Road.

Conclusion: It is agreeable that Cataract is still a problem in our society. The results showed that 60% of the eye disease came from the rural area with these figure might represent few of many cases where no facilities for Eye services and no health workers. Therefore efforts is required employ health workers to work in rural area because most of the patients came with Eye disease at advanced stage which urge surgical option which render disability and burden of dependency to the society.