Abstract:

Introduction: The increase of resistance of many pathogens to currently available antimicrobials has been recognized as a global treat. The development of drug resistance is promoted by irrational prescribing behavior. Inappropriate use of antimicrobials is attributed by over-prescription, inadequate dosage and use for non-bacterial infections. The purpose of this study was to compare antimicrobial agents prescribed to out-patients in both public and private health facilities in Mwanza city, Tanzania.

Objective: To compare antimicrobial agents prescribed to out-patient between public and private health facilities in Mwanza city.

Methodology: A retrospective study was conducted involving prescriptions from out-patients attending public and private health facilities by using a standardized research tool (checklist) to compare trends of prescription and factors associated with prescriptions practices.

Results: About 600 prescriptions were collected in public and private health facilities of which, 383 (63.8%) were from female clients. Antibiotics prescribed accounted for 577 (96.2%) of all prescriptions enrolled in both public (98%) and private (94.3%) health facilities. commonly prescribed antibiotics were penicilins, 274 (41.4%) followed by macrolides 112 (16.9%). There was a statistical association between antibiotic prescription and type of health facility (p value 0.019) and payment scheme (p value=0.025).

Conclusion: A very high rate of prescription of antibiotics was observed in both public and private outpatients and was associated with payment scheme. Strategic interventions to identify the root cause should be implemented to ensure rational use of antibiotics.