TY  - BOOK
AU  -  John,  John. M 
AU  - Mushi, Martha
AU  - Mshana, Stephen. E
TI  -   Dispensing practices of broad-spectrum antibiotics among drug sellers in clients with chronic urinary tract infections without prescription in Kilimanjaro Region, Tanzania
PY  - 0000///  ©21.102020///
CY  - Mwanza, Tanzania :  
PB  - Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS - Bugando], Phone: +255 28 298 3384,          Fax: +255 28 298 3386,        Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz, Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
KW  -  
N2  - Abstract: 

Background: Antimicrobial resistance is the ability of a microbe to resist the effects of medication that once could successfully treat the microbe. Non adherence of dispensers and prescribers on good practices increase the irrational use of antibiotics which increase the AMR, the good dispensing practices are crucial although they are highly malpractices. This study was designed to determine the dispensing practices of broad-spectrum antibiotics among drug sellers in patient with chronic urinary tract infections in Kilimanjaro, Tanzania and recommended interventions to improve practice. 

Methodology: Cross sectional pharmacies-based study was conducted in Moshi, Urban, Moshi Rural and Hai District in Kilimanjaro, North-Eastern Tanzania, from March to April 2020. A total of 180 drugs shops were included in the study. Simulated client method was used to obtain data which were filled in Epicollect5 application and analyzed by STATA 13 following study objectives. 

Results: Out of 180 surveyed drug shops 14 pharmacy and 158 addo dispensed broad spectrum antibiotics without prescription. The most frequently broad-spectrum antibiotic dispensed without prescription was ciprofloxacin 45 (28.85%) followed by doxycycline 16 (10.26%) in both pharmacy and addo shops. 78 (43.33%) provided half course without advice to finish a full course. 61 (33.88%) advice to buy a full course even though they provided a half course and 41 (22.77%) would only sell a full course. 

Conclusion and Recommendation: Majority of drug sellers have bad dispensing practices, no prescription enquiry, ciprofloxacin was mostly prescribed since it is the first line for urinary tract infections treatment many of them goes after it also many drug sellers dispense a half course with no advice to finish a full course, instructions and advice for medicine use are rarely given and no explanations on side effects are given. The need for plausible interventions from legislative enforcement is obvious to ensure laws are followed and adhered.

ER  -