Background: cesarean section is the procedure in surgery done tom deliver a baby when vagna delivery endanger the baby’s or mothers life or healthy. Cesarean section is the common surgical operation now and most estimated prevalence range of 4% in Africa and 29% in Latin America and Caribbean. There have been a number of uncompulsory indications for CS like elective CS, prolonged labor and decreasing option for vaginal birth after CS for women. Also CS involves risks for adverse outcome for both mother and child. This brings negative economy and health related repercussions.
Methods: this was a retrograde study which involved 339 pregnant women and was conducted at Heri mission hospital. The management and analysis of data was done using SPSS software version 20. The study duration started from September 2019 to November 2019, data was collected by checklist and clearance to carry out this study was sought from the joint CUHAS and BMC research, Ethics and Review committee.
Results: the prevalence of primary CS in this study was 21.8% and the leading indications were fetal distress, obstructed labor, cephalopelvic disproportion, big baby and others in that order. Fetal outcome majority had no complication with few having birth asphyxia and low APGSR. The maternal outcome was post-partum hemoharrge.
Conclusion: based on the findings of the current study, it is recommended that there should be an innovative structured educational programme of training, seminars or workshops for healthcare providers so that they focus on the recommended indications for primary CS deliveries. This should be achieved by proper adherence to the guidelines for CS from Association of Gynecologists and Obstetricians of Tanzania.