Prevalence and Predictors of Campylobacter infection among Underfives with Acute Watery Diarrhea Attending at Bugando Medical Center and Sekou Toure Hospital, Mwanza, Tanzania.
- Mwanza, Tanzania: Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] c2013
- 41 Pages Includes References and Appendices
Abstract:
Background: Campylobacteriosis is a zoonotic disease observed in most part of the world, and is becoming the most commonly recognized cause of bacterial gastroenteritis in man. It is estimated to cause 5-14% of diarrhea cases worldwide. It is transmitted by fecal oral route and can be spread by spread by direct contact or indirect contact through fomites, food or water. Poor hygiene and close proximity to animals contribute to easy and frequent acquisition of enteric pathogen including campylobacter spp in developing countries.
Main objective: This study aimed at determining the prevalence and predictors of campylobacter infection among under-fives with acute watery diarrhea attending at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) and Sekou Toure regional hospital in Mwanza Region.
Materials and Methods: This was a prospective cross sectional hospital based study which took place at BMC and Sekou Toure. All inpatient and outpatient under-fives who met the inclusion criteria from October 2012 to April 2013 were enrolled into the study. Demographic and clinical data, such as frequency of diarrhea, type of diarrhea and body temperature, were collected using standardized data collection tool. Stool sample was collected for gram staining and culture for Campylobacter spp. Blood slide for malaria parasites was performed as well as rapid test for Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Data were double entered and verified using Microsoft Excel 2007, cleaned and analyzed using STATA version 11 (college station, Texas).
Results: A total of 300 children were enrolled with median age [IQR] 12 [8-19] months. Of these 169 (56.6%) were from BMC and 131 (43.7%) from Sekou Toure. Majority of these children were male 170 (56.7%). Of 300 under-fives with acute watery diarrhea 29(9.7%) were found to have campylobacter infection. Of 131 children enrolled from Sekou Toure 21 (16.0%) were found to be infected by Campylobacter spp while of 169 from BMC only 894.7%) were found to be infected with Campylobacter spp (p=0.002). No association was found between using tap water, well or river/lake water and boiling of water with campylobacter infection while keeping cows was weakly associated with campylobacter infection (P-value=0.06). Malaria was found to have associated with campylobacter infection. Of 30 patients who had positive blood slide for malaria 6(20.0%) were also positive for campylobacter infection [O.R=3.4; CI; 1.2 – 10.1] with P-value=0.021.
Conclusion: Campylobacter infection in prevalent in Mwanza city as in other part of Tanzania and other developing countries. Further studies are needed to determine the serotypes of campylobacter and the susceptibility pattern of the isolates pattern of the isolate to provide information that will guide appropriate antibiotic therapy.