TY  - BOOK
AU  - Rudovick, Ladius
AU  - Samuel Kalluvya
AU  - Kasang C
AU  - Benson Kidenya
TI  - Surveillance HIV Drug Resistance Among Antiretroviral Therapy NAive Patients Attending at Bugando Medical Centre HIV Clinic in Mwanza Tanzania
PY  - 2015///
CY  - Mwanza, Tanzania:  
PB  - Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences CUHAS - Bugando
KW  -  
N2  - Abstract: 

Background: A significant number of patients are reported to experience treatment failure 12 months post antiretroviral therapy (ART) initiation, which partly explained by presence of primary HIV drug resistance. The World Health Organization (WHO) recommends the surveillance of primary HIV drug resistance to be repeated after 2-3 years in order to know the magnitude of the problem in resource limited countries. Therefore this study was conducted to determine prevalence, pattern and associated factors among ART naïve patients at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC). 

Material and Methods: A cross-sectional was conducted at Bugando Medical Centre HIV-clinics for six months. Patients were serially enrolled through routine care and treatment center (CTC) activities until the sample size was reached. The blood drown from the patients were centrifuged to get serum and plasma, the serum were sent to Germany for gene sequence. All needed patients information, and results of gene sequence were recorded and analysed using STATA 13 computer software.

Results: A total of 101 ART naïve patients were enrolled into the study with a median age of 36 years [28-43], 83(81.2%) patients were aged above 25 years and females were 79(78.2%). Out of 101 enrolled patients, HIV resistant mutations were detected in 14(13.9%) patients. Mutations detected in this study were E138A 5(35.8%), A98G 2(14.3%), others were A71T, E138G, M41L, F53FL, and V74S, L33F and V179T. Eight (57.1%) resistant mutations had no nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) associated resistance associated mutations (RAMs), of these 2(25.0%) were of high level resistance and were of nevirapine. The most common subtypes detected were C. However in this study no factor which was statistically significant associated with primary HIV drug resistance.

Conclusion: Transmitted drug resistance is still moderately high, which is predominantly driven by NNRTIs associated RAMs. The E138A is the most common types of resistant mutations detected, and the HIV-1 subtype C was the most common HIV-1 subtype

ER  -