Abstract:

Background: In Tanzania URTIs contribute to 37.8% mortality. Use of antibiotics for the treatment of URTIs has increased the emergency of antimicrobial resistance with community pharmacies and ADDOs as primary sources of antibiotics in the community. The emergency of AMR is largely attributed to the use, over ruse or misuse of antimicrobials as well as a habit of health practitioners dispensing antibiotics without prescription.

Methodology: A cross section pharmacy based study using Mystery client method conducted in community pharmacies and accredited drug dispensing outlets (ADDOs) shops in Nyamagana and Ilemela Mwanza, Tanzania. The study included 109 community pharmacies and 257 ADDOs. Data was filled and analyzed in STATA version 13 and then recorded based on data collection tool.

Conclusion: Antibiotics are widely dispensed without prescription in ADDOs and community pharmacies in Nyamagana and Ilemela Mwanza, Tanzania. This accounts for inappropriate use of antibiotics in the community which may lead to antimicrobial resistance. Also drug sellers lack adherence to antibiotics dispensing rules and regulations. Therefore we recommend a regular health education program to the drug sellers in both ADDOs and community pharmacies so that they can adhere to the TMDA (Tanzania Medicine and Medical Devices Authority).