Abstract:

Background: Diabetic patients are prone to get urinary tract infection (both symptomatic and asymptomatic). Asymptomatic bacteriuria is the presence of bacteria at least 105 CFU/mL in the properly collected urine of a patient that has no signs or symptoms of a urinary tract infection. Glycosuria, long standing DM and poor glycemic control are common reported risk factors and E. coli spp reported as the commonest causative organism. Effects of asymptomatic bacteriauria include short term risk of developing sysmptomatic UTI and long term effects include nephropaty and renal scarring. Hence, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and factors associated with asymptomatic bacteriuria among children, adolescents and young adults with diabetes attending clinics in Mwanza.

Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted in outpatient children, adolescents and young adults attending diabetic clinics in Mwanza from October 2020 to March 2021. Random sampling was used to recruit participants. Participants were interviewed by using semi-structured questionnaires, urine sample to determine bacteriuria and blood sample for CRP level was collected.

Results: Twenty-seven of 105 participants (25.7%) had asymptomatic bacteriuria predominant bacterial isolates were Coagulase Negative Staphylococcus (51.8%) followed by Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus. Multiple drug resistance was observed in most of isolates. Risk factors that were statistically significant were poor glycemic control (p-value = 0.008), female sex (p-value = 0.006), younger age (p-value=0.026) and history of recent UTI (P-value = 0.015). Elevated CRP was not statistically suggestive of ASB.

Conclusion: The prevalence of asymptomatic was high in children, adolescents and young adults with diabetes. A change in aetiological spectrum was observed with staphylococcus species accounting for majority of Asymptomatic Bacteriuria cases. All isolates showed multiple drug resistance. Therefore, sensitization against misuse of antibiotics is needed so as to reduce spread multidrug resistance uropathogens in a studied area.