Abstract:

Background: Multi-drug resistant tuberculosis; this is the form of tuberculosis infection caused by bacteria that are resistant to treatment with at least two of the most powerful first line anti-TB drugs. In 2017 update of WHO, the latest anti-tuberculosis resistance surveillance data show that 4.1% new cases and 19% of previous treated cases in the world are estimated to have rifampicin or multidrug resistance tuberculosis. In 2010 Tanzania the prevalence of MDR-TB was 1.1%. Thus, the aim of this study was to assess current prevalence of multidrug resistance tuberculosis and the common side effects of anti-tuberculosis.

Methods and Material: A Hospital based cross-section study was carried out in tuberculosis department at Bugando Medical Centre from May 13 to June 13 2019. The study includes 59 interviewed tuberculosis patients was selected by sampling size, then data collected entered in the computer by using Microsoft excel, then imported to STATA version 13 for analysis. Continues data summarized using with standard deviation. Categorical data summarized using percent, frequency tables and pie chart.

Results and discussion: A total of 59 tuberculosis patients that were attending in the clinic for anti-mycobacteria tuberculosis agents at Bugando Medical Centre, 8.7% (5/59) was infected with multidrug resistance tuberculosis and all were males. Regarding patients that were in the dose of anti-mycobacterial tuberculosis the probability of side effects occurrence was as follows joint pain 15(14.7%), nausea 13(12.7%), body weakness 8(7.8%), back pain 3(2.9%), burning sensation in feet 4(3.9%), vomiting 6(5.9%), orange/red urine 4(3.9%), loss of appetite 6(5.9%), erythema 2(2%), headache 3(2.9%), skin rashes 4(3.9%), fatigue 2(2%), dizziness 2(2%), seizure 1(1%), psychosis effects 5(4.9%), edema 4(3.9%), constipation 4(3.9%), fever 4(3.9%), Somnolence 3(2.9%), diarrhea 1(1%), myalgia 3(2.9%).

Conclusion and Recommendations: The study demonstrated prevalence of multidrug resistance did not show the significant decrease compared with the previous the study that has been done in other regional of Tanzania. From the study, all the cases of multidrug resistance were males, they also respondent to therapy. Also for side effects it seem that almost all patients can tolerate the drugs without termination anti-mycobacterial agents.