Non-prescribed antibiotic dispensing practices for symptoms of urinary tract infection in community pharmacies and accredited drug dispensing outlets in Tanzania (Record no. 19223)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 03425nam a22004217a 4500 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | OSt |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20240305193719.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 221101b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d |
| 028 ## - PUBLISHER OR DISTRIBUTOR NUMBER | |
| Source | Phone: +255 28 298 3384 |
| Source | Fax: +255 28 298 3386 |
| Source | Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz |
| Source | Website: www.bugando.ac.tz |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE | |
| Transcribing agency | DLC |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | English |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Pendo M Ndaki |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44918 |
| 222 ## - KEY TITLE | |
| Key title | Antibiotic, Antibiotic Resistance, Dispensing Practice, Prescription |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Non-prescribed antibiotic dispensing practices for symptoms of urinary tract infection in community pharmacies and accredited drug dispensing outlets in Tanzania |
| Remainder of title | A simulated clients approach |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | Mwanza: |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Tanzania Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | February 4th, 2022 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | Pages 1-26 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Abstract<br/><br/>Background<br/>Antibiotic dispensing without prescription is a major determinant of the emergence of Antimicrobial Resistance (AMR) which has impact on population health and cost of healthcare delivery. This study used simulated clients describing UTI like symptoms to explore compliance with regulation, variations in dispensing practices and drug recommendation, and quality of seller-client interaction on the basis of the gender of the client and the type of drug outlets in three regions in Tanzania.<br/><br/>Method<br/>A total of 672 Accredited Drug Dispensing Outlets (ADDOs) and community pharmacies were visited by mystery clients (MCs). The study was conducted in three regions of Tanzania namely Kilimanjaro (180, 26.79%), Mbeya (169, 25.15%) and Mwanza (323, 48.07%) in March - May 2020. During data collection, information was captured using epicollect5 software before being analyzed using Stata version 13.<br/><br/>Results<br/>Overall, 89.43% (CI: 86.87%-91.55%) of drug sellers recommended antibiotics to clients who described UTI like symptoms but held no prescription and 58.93% were willing to sell less than the minimum recommended course. Female clients were more likely than male to be asked if they were taking other medications (27.2% vs 9.8%), or had seen a doctor (27.8% vs 14.7%), and more likely to be advised to consult a doctor (21.6% vs 9.0%); pharmacies addressed these issues more often than ADDOs (17.7% vs<br/>13.2%, 23.9% vs 16.6%, 17.7 vs 10.9% respectively). Sellers recommended 32 different drugs to treat the same set of symptoms, only 7 appear in the Tanzanian Standard Treatment Guidelines as recommended for UTI and 30% were 2nd and 3rd line drugs. ADDO sellers recommended 31 drug types (including 2nd and 3rd line) but had permission to stock only 3 (1st line) drugs. The most commonly suggested antibiotics were Azithromycin (35.4%) and cipro<br/><br/> |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19663 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 22996 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 23135 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44919 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44920 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44921 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44922 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44885 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44923 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44924 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44925 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44926 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44927 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 44928 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 15820 |
| 856 ## - ELECTRONIC LOCATION AND ACCESS | |
| Uniform Resource Identifier | <a href=" https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1159049/v1"> https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-1159049/v1</a> |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | ddc |
| Koha item type | RESEARCH ARTICLES |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Collection | Home library | Current library | Shelving location | Date acquired | Total checkouts | Barcode | Date last seen | Price effective from | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWALIMU NYERERE LEARNING RESOURCES CENTRE-CUHAS BUGANDO | MWALIMU NYERERE LEARNING RESOURCES CENTRE-CUHAS BUGANDO | 11/01/2022 | RA0423 | 11/01/2022 | 11/01/2022 | RESEARCH ARTICLES |