Etiology, Patterns, Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Children Below Five Years of Age in Mwanza City, Tanzania (Record no. 18232)
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| 000 -LEADER | |
|---|---|
| fixed length control field | 04995nam a22003977a 4500 |
| 001 - CONTROL NUMBER | |
| control field | CUHAS/MMED/6000165/T/15 |
| 003 - CONTROL NUMBER IDENTIFIER | |
| control field | CUHAS/MMED/6000165/T/15 |
| 005 - DATE AND TIME OF LATEST TRANSACTION | |
| control field | 20240418121442.0 |
| 008 - FIXED-LENGTH DATA ELEMENTS--GENERAL INFORMATION | |
| fixed length control field | 210818b |||||||| |||| 00| 0 eng d |
| 028 ## - PUBLISHER OR DISTRIBUTOR NUMBER | |
| Source | Wurzburg Road 35, BMC Premises, Post Code: 33102: |
| Source | P. O Box 1464, Mwanza – Tanzania: |
| Source | Phone: +255 28 298 3384: |
| Source | Fax: +255 28 298 3386: |
| Source | Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz : |
| Source | www.bugando.ac.tz |
| 035 ## - SYSTEM CONTROL NUMBER | |
| System control number | CUHAS/MMED/6000165/T/15 |
| 040 ## - CATALOGING SOURCE | |
| Transcribing agency | ddc |
| 041 ## - LANGUAGE CODE | |
| Language code of text/sound track or separate title | English |
| 100 ## - MAIN ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| Personal name | Kwiyolecha, Nyangeta. Elizabeth |
| Dates associated with a name | [Female] |
| 9 (RLIN) | 22427 |
| Relator term | CUHAS/MMED/6000165/T/15 |
| 210 ## - ABBREVIATED TITLE | |
| Abbreviated title | LIST OF ABBREVIATIONS |
| Qualifying information | BMC Bugando Medical Centre BHC Buzuruga Health Centre CRP C-Reactive proteins CUHAS Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences FBP Full blood count HMPV Human metapneumovirus ICAM-1 Intercellular Adhesion Molecule 1 LRT Lower Respiratory Tract MPCR Multiplex polymerase chain reaction NDH Nyamagana District Hospital PCR Polymerase Chain Reaction RT Respiratory Tract RTIs Respiratory Tract Infections RSV Respiratory syncytial virus Th1 T helper cell type 1 URTI Upper Respiratory Tract Infection WHO World Health Organization |
| 222 ## - KEY TITLE | |
| Key title | OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS |
| Qualifying information | Tonsillitis Painful swallowing with tender cervical lymph nodes and enlarged tonsils |
| Key title | OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS |
| Qualifying information | Pharyngitis Painful swallowing dry cough, plus or minus hoarseness of the voice. |
| Key title | OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS |
| Qualifying information | Fever Is the rise in body temperature above the normal, an axillary reading above 37.50C. |
| Key title | OPERATIONAL DEFINITIONS |
| Qualifying information | Below five years One month to fifty-nine months old. |
| 245 ## - TITLE STATEMENT | |
| Title | Etiology, Patterns, Clinical Presentation and Outcome of Upper Respiratory Tract Infections Among Children Below Five Years of Age in Mwanza City, Tanzania |
| 260 ## - PUBLICATION, DISTRIBUTION, ETC. | |
| Place of publication, distribution, etc. | Mwanza, Tanzania: |
| Name of publisher, distributor, etc. | Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS - Bugando] |
| Date of publication, distribution, etc. | 2018 |
| 300 ## - PHYSICAL DESCRIPTION | |
| Extent | xii; 53 Pages |
| Extent | Includes References and Appendices |
| 362 ## - DATES OF PUBLICATION AND/OR SEQUENTIAL DESIGNATION | |
| Dates of publication and/or sequential designation | 2018 |
| 520 ## - SUMMARY, ETC. | |
| Summary, etc. | Abstract:<br/><br/>Background and objective: Upper Respiratory Tract Infection (URTI) are the worldwide leading causes of childhood morbidity, frequent primary health care visits, and school abseeintism. The epidemiology of URTI is well studied in most of the developed countries, with sparse data in resource limited countries particularly in sub-Saharan Africa. Therefore, this study was designed to establish the etiologies and patterns of URTI among children below five years of age in Mwanza City. <br/><br/>Methods: A cross sectional hospital based study involving 339 children was conducted in Mwanza city from October 2017 to February 2018. A structured pretested data collection tool was used to collect sociodemographic, clinical and other relevant information. Nasapharngeal swabs and ear swabs were collected. Multiplexpolymerase chain reaction (PCR) was done to detect respiratory pathogens, and ear swabs cultured to detect ear pathogens. About 4mls of blood samples was collected from each participant for full blood count and C reactive protein (CRP) analysis. Data was analyzed by STATA version 13 as per study objectives.<br/><br/>Results: The median age of the enrolled children was 16(IQR: 8-34) months. Most of them 279 (82.3%) presented with fever, and 222 (65.5%) had running nose/congestion. Rhinitis 184 (55.9%), was the commonest diagnosis followed by pharyngitis 64 (19.5%), otitis 16(4.9%) and tonsillitis 6 (1.8%). Viruses were isolated in 159 (46%) of children, commonly detected viruses were: Rhinoviruses (23.9%), Adenoviruses (7.4%), followed by Para influenza type3 (6.7%) and Boca virus (5.6%). Nineteen percent of the enrolled children had more than two viruses; Rhinovirus and Enterovirus being the commonest combination. The most common bacteria isolated were Staphylococcus aureus 5/13 (38.5%), Pseudomonas auregnosa 4/13 (30.1%) and Klebsiella pneumoniae 1/13 (7.7%). Children with viral pathogens were more likely to have a right shift of lymphocytes (73%- sensitivity) with significant alteration of CRP than with bacterial infections. All of the bacteria isolates (13/339) were resistant to amoxicillin and trimethoprim/sulphamethaxazole with the majority being sensitive to ciprofloxacin, meropenem, vancomycin and amikacin. The majority (257/339) of children were free of symptoms on the eighth day.<br/><br/>Conclusion and recommendations: Viruses are the commonest cause of URTI in Mwanza city with rhinitis being the most common diagnosis. Rapid diagnostic assays for viral pathogens causing URTI are urgently needed in developing countries to reduce unnecessary antibiotic prescriptions which is associated with increased antibiotic resistance.<br/> |
| 600 ## - SUBJECT ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| General subdivision | Paediatrics and Child Health |
| 9 (RLIN) | 33433 |
| 700 ## - ADDED ENTRY--PERSONAL NAME | |
| 9 (RLIN) | 20871 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 20572 |
| 9 (RLIN) | 19715 |
| 942 ## - ADDED ENTRY ELEMENTS (KOHA) | |
| Source of classification or shelving scheme | ddc |
| Koha item type | POSTGRADUATE DISSERTATIONS |
| Withdrawn status | Lost status | Source of classification or shelving scheme | Damaged status | Not for loan | Collection | Home library | Current library | Shelving location | Date acquired | Total checkouts | Barcode | Date last seen | Price effective from | Koha item type |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| MWALIMU NYERERE LEARNING RESOURCES CENTRE-CUHAS BUGANDO | MWALIMU NYERERE LEARNING RESOURCES CENTRE-CUHAS BUGANDO | 08/18/2021 | PD0007 | 08/18/2021 | 08/18/2021 | POSTGRADUATE DISSERTATIONS |