Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Contaminating Inanimate Laboratory Surfaces at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania
Extended Spectrum Beta-Lactamase and Carbapenemase Producing Gram-Negative Bacteria Contaminating Inanimate Laboratory Surfaces at Bugando Medical Centre in Mwanza, Tanzania - Mwanza, Tanzania | Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS-Bugando] | 2024. - 44 Pages Includes References
Abstract:
Background: Inanimate laboratory surfaces contamination acts as potential exogenous sources for transmission of beta lactamase producing Gram negative bacteria, Infections with MDR bacteria leads to serious illnesses, treatment failure, prolonged hospital stay and increased health care cost. Previous studies on our setting only documented on the prevalence of hospital surfaces contaminated with ESBL and Carbapenemase producing GNB which as described by Silago et al. There is no documentation about the level of contamination BMC laboratory. The study aimed at investigating the Extended spectrum beta lactamases (ESBL) and Carbapenemase producing GNB contaminating inanimate laboratory surfaces at Bugando Medical Center in Mwanza Tanzania.
Methodology: A cross-sectional hospital-based study was conducted by swabbing laboratory surfaces such as door knobs, floors, sinks, shelves and working benches at BMC between May and July 2024. Each related inanimate laboratory surface was a given unique identification number indicated on pre-structured checklist. Using a Stuart transport media, all swabs were transported to CUHAS Microbiology laboratory for processing. Culture was done on MacConkey agar with cefotaxime for ESBL-GNB and MCA with meropenem for CR-GNB and species confirmation was done using biochemical tests. However, disk combination method was used for phenotypic screening of ESBL-GNB and CR-GNB respectively. Data was then be entered in Microsoft excel and analysed using STATA version 15.0.
Results: A total of 200 cultured samples collected from laboratory inanimate surfaces, where majority 110(55%) were from morning session collected from parasitology department, microbiology department, clinical chemistry and hematology department of about 35(17.5%). In this study, the overall prevalence of inanimate surfaces contamination by 3rd generation cephalosporins resistant GNB (3GC-R-GNB) is 9.5% (19/200). The proportion of inanimate surface contamination is high during morning hours by 10/19 (52.6%). Sinks 14 (73.7%) is frequently contaminated surface, furthermore, the contamination is high on parasitology department by 8 (42.1%). From 19 positive swabbed samples isolated from MCA-C, a total of 29 3 GC-R-GNB have been isolated whereby 5 (17.2%) Enterobacter aerogenes, Enterobacter cloacae and klebsiella oxytoca are predominant species isolated. Out of 29 isolated GNB, 23 (79%) are Enterobacter ales, of which 12 (41.4%) have positive ESBL phenotypes. The most frequently ESBL phenotype species isolated are Enterobacter aerogenes 4 (33.3%). From 2 positive swabbed samples a total of 2 CR-GNB are isolated of which 2(1%) are Carbapenemase resistant. Out of 2 isolated CR-GNB, 2(100%) shows Carbapenemase phenotypes. The proportions of CR-GNB phenotypes are 2(1%) Pseudomonas aeruginosa.
Conclusion: The current study demonstrates that laboratory inanimate surfaces such as shelves, floor, door knobs, working benches and sinks at BMC tertiary Hospital are contaminated with ESBL by 41.4% and CR-GNB by 1% and predominant contaminating bacteria is Enterobacter aerogenes on the inanimate laboratory surfaces. Therefore, potentially serving as reservoirs for multidrug-resistant healthcare-associated infections in hospital at our local setting
Wurzburg Road 35, Premises, Post Code: 33102 | P. O. Box 1464 Mwanza, Tanzania | Phone: (255) 28-298-3384 | Fax: (255) 28-298-3386 | Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz | Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
--Microbiology & Immunology