Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Paediatric Patients with HIV/AIDS Admitted at Bugando Medical Centre From January to December 2013.
Mwita, Amati. W CUHAS/MD/4000366/T/09
Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Paediatric Patients with HIV/AIDS Admitted at Bugando Medical Centre From January to December 2013. - Mwanza, Tanzania: Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] Phone: +255 28 298 3384 : Fax: +255 28 298 3386: Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz : Website: www.bugando.ac.tz : ©2014 - ix; 33 Pages Includes Refferences and Appendices
Abstract:
Background: PTB is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs and may spread to involve other organs. TB is the commonest opportunistic infection and the number one cause of death in HIV patients in developing countries, and accounts for about 40% of all manifestations seen in HIV patients [28] About 25% to 65% of patients with HIV/AIDS have TB of any organ and TB accounts for about 13% of all HIV related deaths worldwide. [29-33] While TB prevalence has declined by more than 20% worldwide, the rates in Africa have tripled since 1990 in countries with high HIV prevalence and are still rising across the continent at 3-4% per year. [34] Between 1998 and 1999, a 20% increase of TB cases was reported in countries severely affected by HIV/AIDS in Africa. [35] This is mostly true for the peadiatric patient whose immune system and concurrently attacked with HIV vertically transmitted. No much studies done in paediatric population to account for the burden of the disease in our facility.
Method: A descriptive retrospective hospital based study was done in 120 patient files. The files involved only the HIV/AIDS patients in paediatric wards that were admitted between January and December 2013.
Results: Of the files that was sampled, 61 (50.8%) were males, 51 (42.5%) were females, 8 (6.7%) the gender was not indicated. The age of the participants were indifferent distributions below; below 1 year 3 (25.8%), 1-5 years 61 (50.8%), 5-11 years 28 (23.3%). In the 120 cases files used 51 (42.5%) were found to have PTB, 67 (55.8%) had no PTB and 2 (1.7%) had no documentation of TB status.
Conclusion: The study shows the prevalence of PTB in Paediatric patients with HIV/AIDS admitted at BMC in 2013 was 42.5%. This is very high compared to the prevalence of 8.5% reported by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2006. This may be due to the cumulative effect in a setting of our referral institute and the challenges of Diagnosing PTB in children.
--Internal Medicine
Prevalence of Pulmonary Tuberculosis in Paediatric Patients with HIV/AIDS Admitted at Bugando Medical Centre From January to December 2013. - Mwanza, Tanzania: Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] Phone: +255 28 298 3384 : Fax: +255 28 298 3386: Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz : Website: www.bugando.ac.tz : ©2014 - ix; 33 Pages Includes Refferences and Appendices
Abstract:
Background: PTB is a contagious bacterial infection that involves the lungs and may spread to involve other organs. TB is the commonest opportunistic infection and the number one cause of death in HIV patients in developing countries, and accounts for about 40% of all manifestations seen in HIV patients [28] About 25% to 65% of patients with HIV/AIDS have TB of any organ and TB accounts for about 13% of all HIV related deaths worldwide. [29-33] While TB prevalence has declined by more than 20% worldwide, the rates in Africa have tripled since 1990 in countries with high HIV prevalence and are still rising across the continent at 3-4% per year. [34] Between 1998 and 1999, a 20% increase of TB cases was reported in countries severely affected by HIV/AIDS in Africa. [35] This is mostly true for the peadiatric patient whose immune system and concurrently attacked with HIV vertically transmitted. No much studies done in paediatric population to account for the burden of the disease in our facility.
Method: A descriptive retrospective hospital based study was done in 120 patient files. The files involved only the HIV/AIDS patients in paediatric wards that were admitted between January and December 2013.
Results: Of the files that was sampled, 61 (50.8%) were males, 51 (42.5%) were females, 8 (6.7%) the gender was not indicated. The age of the participants were indifferent distributions below; below 1 year 3 (25.8%), 1-5 years 61 (50.8%), 5-11 years 28 (23.3%). In the 120 cases files used 51 (42.5%) were found to have PTB, 67 (55.8%) had no PTB and 2 (1.7%) had no documentation of TB status.
Conclusion: The study shows the prevalence of PTB in Paediatric patients with HIV/AIDS admitted at BMC in 2013 was 42.5%. This is very high compared to the prevalence of 8.5% reported by Ministry of Health and Social Welfare, 2006. This may be due to the cumulative effect in a setting of our referral institute and the challenges of Diagnosing PTB in children.
--Internal Medicine