Prevalence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Mwanza, Tanzania
Ladius Rudovick
Prevalence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Mwanza, Tanzania - Mwanza, Tanzania: Oxford University Press & Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] 2018/12/1 - Pages 3476-3481 - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Volume 73 Issue 12 .
Abstract
Background: In a 2008–10 study, we found a pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) prevalence of 18.2% in patients at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in Mwanza, Tanzania.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of PDR and transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) in patients visiting the BMC from 2013 to 2015.
Methods: Adult outpatients were sequentially enrolled into two groups, separated by whether they were initiating ART. Previous exposure to antiretroviral drugs, except for prevention of mother-to-child transmission, was an exclusion criterion. HIV pol sequences were analysed according to WHO guidelines for surveillance of PDR and TDR.
Results: Two hundred and thirty-five sequences were analysed (138 ART initiators, 97 non-initiators). The prevalence of PDR was 4.7% (95% CI 2.6%–8.2%) overall, 3.1% (95% CI 1.1%–8.7%) for non-initiators and 5.8% (95% CI 3.0%–11.0%) for ART initiators. PDR to NNRTIs and nucleoside or nucelotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors was found in 3.0% (95% CI 1.5%–6.0%) and 1.7% (95% CI 0.7%–4.3%) of patients, respectively. Resistance to PIs was not observed. The prevalence of TDR was 6.0% (95% CI 3.6%–9.8%).
Conclusions: Prevalence of PDR significantly decreased compared with 2008–10 and was below the WHO-defined threshold for triggering a public health response. National and systematic surveillance is needed to inform Tanzania’s public health strategy.
Online ISSN 1460-2091 Print ISSN 0305-7453 = hiv adult anti-hiv agents child mothers nucleosides outpatients reverse transcriptase inhibitors tanzania world health organization guidelines public health medicine anti-retroviral agents non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors surveillance, medical exclusion criteria prevention
Phone: +255 28 298 3384 Fax: +255 28 298 3386 Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz Website: www.bugando.ac.tz
Prevalence of pretreatment HIV drug resistance in Mwanza, Tanzania - Mwanza, Tanzania: Oxford University Press & Catholic University of Health and Allied Sciences [CUHAS – Bugando] 2018/12/1 - Pages 3476-3481 - Journal of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy Volume 73 Issue 12 .
Abstract
Background: In a 2008–10 study, we found a pretreatment HIV drug resistance (PDR) prevalence of 18.2% in patients at Bugando Medical Centre (BMC) in Mwanza, Tanzania.
Objectives: To determine the prevalence of PDR and transmitted HIV drug resistance (TDR) in patients visiting the BMC from 2013 to 2015.
Methods: Adult outpatients were sequentially enrolled into two groups, separated by whether they were initiating ART. Previous exposure to antiretroviral drugs, except for prevention of mother-to-child transmission, was an exclusion criterion. HIV pol sequences were analysed according to WHO guidelines for surveillance of PDR and TDR.
Results: Two hundred and thirty-five sequences were analysed (138 ART initiators, 97 non-initiators). The prevalence of PDR was 4.7% (95% CI 2.6%–8.2%) overall, 3.1% (95% CI 1.1%–8.7%) for non-initiators and 5.8% (95% CI 3.0%–11.0%) for ART initiators. PDR to NNRTIs and nucleoside or nucelotide reverse transcriptase inhibitors was found in 3.0% (95% CI 1.5%–6.0%) and 1.7% (95% CI 0.7%–4.3%) of patients, respectively. Resistance to PIs was not observed. The prevalence of TDR was 6.0% (95% CI 3.6%–9.8%).
Conclusions: Prevalence of PDR significantly decreased compared with 2008–10 and was below the WHO-defined threshold for triggering a public health response. National and systematic surveillance is needed to inform Tanzania’s public health strategy.
Online ISSN 1460-2091 Print ISSN 0305-7453 = hiv adult anti-hiv agents child mothers nucleosides outpatients reverse transcriptase inhibitors tanzania world health organization guidelines public health medicine anti-retroviral agents non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors surveillance, medical exclusion criteria prevention
Phone: +255 28 298 3384 Fax: +255 28 298 3386 Email: vc@bugando.ac.tz Website: www.bugando.ac.tz